Tuesday, August 31, 2010

Difficult Decisions: Rachel's Leg


Rachel is nine years old. She has beautiful, meaningful eyes and a smile that goes straight to your heart.

She's a first grader this year at a private, English-language school, and those of you who've been with us awhile know that that's a tremendous victory--not because Rachel struggles with schoolwork (she doesn't), but because her "mobility issues" caused school after school to reject her last year.

Rachel has neurofibromatosis-1. It affects people in different ways--some have tumors throughout their body, and others like Rachel have what's called pseudoarthrosis of the tibia. Pseudoarthrosis means "fake joint"--it's when the affected bone breaks and will not heal, creating a kind of joint where one shouldn't be. Rachel's tibia broke when she was an infant, and she was placed in an orphanage either before or after the fracture. Throughout her first seven years, she underwent 5-7 surgical attempts to fix her broken tibia in a government-run hospital. At least one of her surgeries involved an Ilizarov fixator like this one:

When Rachel was entrusted into our care in February 2009, she had a cast on her left leg. We were told that in two months the cast should be removed or changed. We had no idea about how utterly destroyed her leg was, and we were shocked at the condition it was in when the cast was removed. The orthopedic surgeon we went to took one look at her leg and x-ray, shook his head sadly, and wrote one word, "amputation," in her file. He said the leg was not salvageable. It hangs limply from just below the knee--she has no control over it. The fibula is gone--either she was born without one or it was sacrificed to try to repair her tibia. The ankle joint is a mess, and the skin is severely scarred from all the operations.

I felt sick about it. Here we'd just received this frightened little 8-year-old child and we were going to have to explain to her that, even here in our care, the operations wouldn't stop, and that, in fact, we were now going to have her leg removed! I thanked the doctor, told him that Rachel was too anemic for surgery, and took her home.

After I blogged about the experience, someone contacted me and put me in touch with a world-famous ortho surgeon. I sent him Rachel's x-rays and photos of her leg, and he expressed confidence that the leg could be saved. I did a lot of research on the surgeon and the method he was proposing and decided that, when Rachel was stronger emotionally, we'd try to get her to the US to do that surgery.

But, over the last year, I've changed my mind. I've gotten to know Rachel better and talked with her about it, have studied it more and read other people's stories, have prayed about it and asked others to pray, etc. Here are some of the events & factors that made me reconsider pursuing this operation for her:


#1) I've explained both options (amputation or Ilizarov) in detail to her several times and told her that both operations hurt, that there may be ongoing issues and procedures even after either surgery, etc. One evening Rachel told me, "Take it off--my leg." It wasn't so much what she said as it was the calm and confident way she said it. I was surprised--both by the fact that she really seemed to be at peace with that and by the fact that suddenly I was ok with it, too. I guess that's as it should be.


#2) Rebreaks do occur after salvage operations, and evidently they aren't rare. She may have to wear a stabilizing orthotic or cast for a long period of time after the Ilizarov is removed (which itself can take 6-8 months for each lengthening session). And even if the bone never rebreaks, Rachel's leg will never look normal--it's too surgery-scarred. It will always look like a badly burned leg and may always need to be protected.


#3) While in America this summer, I spent hours researching our options on the internet, One day while riding with my sister, I noticed a little orthotics and mobility aids shop and stopped to ask about wheelchairs. They handed me a magazine, and it turned out to be about prosthetic limbs. It was full of amputee experiences, and I read their stories all the way home and was moved and encouraged about Rachel. It seemed as though, compared to the other option, with the prosthetic, Rachel could spend more of her childhood walking, running, and playing, unhindered by crutches, wheelchairs, walkers, braces, or the fear of rebreaking her post-op leg.


#4) I received some advice from a person who had walked through something similar with her child and had also seen things from a unique angle--with her permission I'll add excerpts from her email to me here. This email really clinched my decision not to keep moving toward limb salvage surgery for Rachel

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Back in India, I took Rachel to Hyderabad to see an ortho surgeon she hadn't seen before, the one who did such a good job with Justin, Yemima, Thomas, and Noah. I wanted to get all the details about amputation and plan the surgery for her school holiday in April.

Rachel spent most of her early childhood in the hospital without a relative or friend. It's obvious that Rachel's early hospital experiences were very traumatic for her. She was in terror of hospitals when she came to us. She has overcome some of this, but she still cries and has to be reassured each time we go, and to help her to be more at ease, I try to explain exactly what is and isn't going to happen. Rachel went into that hospital knowing we were going to discuss removing her leg, and she was cool with that. I had told her that it was just going to be an office visit with an x-ray. She went into hysterics outside the hospital, though, when an orderly grabbed her wheelchair and tried to take her on ahead of us on a shortcut through the emergency area--she thought they were wheeling her off to surgery! The orderly wouldn't let me push the chair myself, so I carried Rachel through the hospital. (I was thrilled to see though, that later at the eye hospital when another orderly grabbed her chair, Rachel let him push her with Erin and I walking nearby. It means she's believing more and more that we'll keep our word to her.)


The surgeon ordered the x-ray below, looked at it, and said, "I would not recommend a salvage operation. The fibula's gone, the tibia is in tatters, the ankle joint is shot...because of all the surgical damage, we don't know where the nerves are...there would be no guarantees... I recommend amputation below the knee."


His recommendation, though, was to give Rachel another two or three years before amputating her leg so that she could mature a bit and have more of a role in the decision-making. In the meantime, he proposed something I didn't know was possible--an "orthotic-prosthetic" that would "encompass the residual limb," have a foot for walking below that, and allow Rachel's weight to be borne by the area just above her knee.


He told us he had recently ordered a similar prosthesis for a boy with another condition, and that "that boy's dancing!" I was so excited to hear that! And you should have seen the look on Rachel's face when we told her that she would be getting a prosthesis without having to go through surgery, and that in a few months she could be walking!

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The orthotist was so sweet to Rachel. He took the time to connect with her and explain to her all that was happening. I wish everyone treated our children the way this orthotist spoke to Rachel.

You can see in the picture below that there's a five-inch difference between the length of Rachel's legs (left heel at 24 inches, right at 29).



The orthotic-prosthetic leg will be ready in two weeks, and we'll take her back to Hyderabad for the fitting. At first, it will be a thigh-high prosthetic without a knee joint to help her gain stability and adjust to walking on two feet. After six months, when Rachel's used to the first leg, we're to bring it back in and have a knee joint added to it. Eventually, if not at that time, the leg will be cut down somewhat on top. She'll need crutches or another aid for a month or six weeks while she's practicing walking, but soon she'll master it and can leave her crutches home from school.

How exciting is that?!

Tuesday, August 24, 2010

Difficult Decisions: Mark's Situation

Mark is one of our SCH boys. You've seen his photo, but only under a different nickname. I use the name Mark when I want to talk about one of his very sensitive special needs: he was born with aphallia. A lot of times, boys who are born with this condition are gender-reassigned, but Mark is so boyish in every way and has all other male parts he needs--all he lacks is that one main part.


Mark's urethral opening was inside his rectum, which meant that he suffered from constant urinary tract infections. In March, we had a procedure done for him that relocated his urethra to a spot about an inch in front of his rectum. He's doing really well now and is gaining weight.

In the spring, the doctor told us he would construct Mark's p___ twice--he'd make Mark a little one in a year or so and then an adult-sized one at puberty. But when I took Mark to see him today, the doctor told me he didn't feel a childhood p___ was needed. He said he didn't want to waste the abdominal skin & muscle flap he planned to use for Mark's adult one, and that to make him an adult-sized one now would be awkward. I agreed. He also told me that the advice he'd been given by other urologists during his recent trip to the US was to either gender-reassign Mark or to just let him alone until adulthood. I didn't like either option.


I asked the doctor about the possibility of making Mark a merely cosmetic p___ with just a flap of skin, not with muscle tissue. He thought about that for quite awhile and then said, "Yes, we could do that. He has lots of scr0tal skin--an excess. We could take some of that and wrap it around a silicone tube or something to give it shape, so that it would look like a normal one.... Give me until the end of November, because I would have to innovate this--it's not something I've ever heard of being done before. I'd need to work out the vascular and other issues."

Mark's a cognitively aware child. I think he needs this. He's a child who is capable of attending school, and will be capable of marrying, fathering children, and holding down a job. If at school any of the other boys found out about his issue (and it would be hard to hide it for an entire childhood), there could be no end to the shaming and name-calling. The thought of that makes me heartsick.

If the surgery is fairly simple--if there won't be much pain and risk--I'm totally for it. Pray with us that the doctor will come up with a way to give Mark as normal a boyhood as possible.

Look Who...

...has not had a SINGLE SEIZURE in SIX MONTHS!!

I'm so happy for Solomon I could cry. We almost lost him twice to status epilepticus. He used to have at least 3 tonic-clonic, grand mal, face-smashing seizures a week!

But since he moved out to Angel Home in December (Talk about difficult decisions--it's one hour from the neuro hospital), he has had only one seizure--in February--and it really wasn't a bad one. Praise God! And please keep praying!

Sunday, August 22, 2010

Difficult Decisions: Stacy's Surgery

It's hard to know exactly what to do sometimes, especially when advice is contradictory, when there's a lot at stake, and when you can't seem to hear clearly from the Lord on it. Just before I left for the States this summer, I made a decision for Stacy that I'm now very glad I made, but at the time and well into my trip, there was a lot of tension, second-guessing, and praying involved.

Stacy's seven. She came to us in December, at that adorable first-grader age with two missing front teeth. There's nothing about the way Stacy carries herself that suggests "orphan" or "abandoned child." She's just so well-adjusted and so amazingly emotionally free. She's a happy, carefree, giggly, silly, sweet, energetic, goofy, bright, fun-loving little girl. Here she is holding Cassia:


Almost all of our children have some type of brain-related diagnosis. Stacy's is a cerebrospinal fluid-filled cyst in the upper back part of her brain. The cyst wasn't causing any neuro symptoms and didn't seem to have affected Stacy's IQ. If it hadn't been for the fact that the cyst protruded through a hole in her skull, it could have been left alone. Here's a few MRI slices showing how large the cyst at the top of her head was. (The large white elongated shape is one of her ventricles--it shouldn't be that enlarged, either, but again, since she's asymptomatic she didn't need a shunt or other intervention for that.)
Here's the way the top of Stacy's head looked. The area where the cyst protruded was very sensitive, and if you touched the skin there lightly you could feel her heartbeat. The cyst was right underneath the skin, and it wasn't possible to tell whether or not it was attached to the skin.


At the government orphanage, the children's hair was kept shaved or super-short, but when they come to us we let the girls' hair grow and just lice-treat frequently. The nit combs we use are steel, and I was afraid that as Stacy's hair grew, one of the ayahs would accidentally nick the cyst with a comb, or that Stacy could even absent-mindedly scratch it open herself in the hot, sweaty summer.

I wrote to a friend of mine who's a radiologist about Stacy. She told me that "if the sac is ever punctured, it could introduce bacteria into the cerebrospinal fluid, resulting in meningitis or encephalitis." She also mentioned that she thought most US children with this problem were treated surgically, and she suggested I see a neurosurgeon.

We ended up seeing a team of five neurosurgeons! The first NS I went to at the most-respected hospital in the state told me immediately that Stacy needed surgery. We went and had a surgical profile done for her and she cleared the anesthesia check. When we came back, the NS said he'd talked to a colleague who had expressed some concerns about the surgery, and said he no longer felt it was needed. The colleague basically wondered why we would want to do a neurosurgery on a child with no symptoms and expose her to complications.

I was confused because of how convinced the first surgeon had seemed during the first visit that she needed surgery. I asked if there were an independent third surgeon I could speak to. He made an appointment for me to speak to another of his colleagues who had not heard about Stacy's situation yet. When I saw who this surgeon was, I felt sure he would advise me not to operate, because he's a conservative surgeon who told me when I went in to speak to him about Aloe that he prefers never to do any surgery unless the benefit/risk ratio is above 70/30 (We decided to follow his advice, by the way, and decided not to get a craniotomy done for Aloe). So I was surprised that, just as the first surgeon had, he said right away when he saw Stacy's cyst, "We should operate on this."

He went out of the room to tell the first surgeon about his conclusion, and when he returned, there were four other colleagues with him! He then informed me that they had all quickly discussed it and decided that Stacy did not need surgery.

Normally, hearing that a child doesn't need surgery would be good news, but I was not convinced. They were saying things like, "For a merely cosmetic surgery, the infection risk of surgery isn't justified."

I said, "Please know that the cosmetic issue isn't even a factor for me at all since it's on the top of her head covered by hair. My only concern is--will this thing be a lifelong rupture or infection risk for her?"

They said, "Yes, if she doesn't have surgery, she'll have to be very careful not to damage the skin there for the rest of her life so that germs are not introduced into her brain."

I said, "That's what I was afraid of. What are the risks of the surgery?"

They said, "There's about a 20% risk that she could develop a CSF leak that we'd have to go back in and repair. The fact that it's communicating with the ventricle would make that more of a problem."

I said, "How long will there be a risk of complications developing following the surgery?"

They said, "For about a month."

I said, "Would this surgery be a difficult one for you?"

They all said that it would not be difficult or particularly involved.

I said, "Then I think you should go ahead and do it."

What made my decision was the thought of us having to fiercely guard that little patch of Stacy's head to make sure no new staff member tried to lice-comb her hair, or that nothing poked it, or that she didn't scratch it open... The thought of a CSF leak produced in a sterile environment surrounded by the very people who knew best how to take care of such a leak was somehow more comforting than the idea of a CSF leak produced in a home with 60 other children, illiterate caregivers, and tons of germs, seven hours away from the type of skilled care she'd need to fix it. One month's vigilance vs. a lifetime of vigilance... seemed like a calculated, wise risk to me.

I told them that and they agreed to do it.

I arranged everything and went to the States, leaving her in Erin's care. The day before the surgery, Erin caught me on chat and asked me, "Are you sure about this? Today they told me about all that possibly could happen and made me sign a form. It was so scary!" I said, "I know it. And I don't know for sure about this. But I've prayed about it and feel like it's the right thing to do--or at least I don't feel it's the wrong thing..." I just wasn't sure!

It was so unclear, but what kept coming to mind is how suddenly confident I had been talking to those five neurosurgeons--I had felt at that moment convinced it was the right decision....

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We went ahead and got it done. The procedure was a success: They shaved her hair, lifted the skin from the cyst easily and without any tearing of the membrane. They took a layer of skull from elsewhere and covered the defect. And they stitched her up without complication.

Stacy knew she was going to have surgery, but she didn't really understand what that meant, and she woke up mad. But she had very little pain and was back to her smiley, happy self in a matter of a few hours, Erin said.

And now the scar is healed beautifully...

...there's no hole in her skull, and Stacy's running around everywhere. She'll start school next month for the first time in her life. She'll never again have to worry about accidentally opening the cyst.

What a relief...for all of us!

Sunday, August 15, 2010

Sleep for Those He Loves

How would you feel tucking your children into bed at night on nasty pillows like these?


Wouldn't it be such a relief to chuck those disgusting things and replace them with these?


It felt wonderful yesterday to be able to take these seventeen excellent-quality Recron pillows with soft waterproof allergy covers to Angel Home (thank you so much, Carol, Dorothy, & Becky!)


The boys love them! Here are Michael and Jason...
...Solomon and Levi...

...Daniel and Judah... ...and Elijah, who was not feeling well yesterday (bless his heart).

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Update--
A HUGE thank-you to Stephen in Canada, who, along with the three ladies mentioned above, helped us to be able to afford to give a new pillow to each of our 64 Victory Home children as well!
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My next goal for Angel Home is to replace the worn-out mattresses with new, vinyl-covered ones that can be kept much cleaner. We've managed to do this for all the Victory Home beds so far, but we need ten vinyl-covered mattresses at Angel. The mattresses they have now are stained, worn down, and some have holes in them. Two of the Angel Home mattresses had to be dumped already, so we have two empty bedframes right now and it's super-crowded. It will cost about $150 per bed to purchase a high-quality single mattress and have it covered with vinyl. These should last our boys for at least five years. (The mattress on the left is one of two vinyl-covered ones at Angel Home, the one on the right is one that needs replacing.)
Can you help us purchase one mattress for an Angel Home boy? You can give a tax deductible gift for that right here:

THANK YOU for helping us take good care of our children! And praise to God "from whom all blessings flow." He's such a good Dad.

Look What Dorothy Can Do...

...all by herself!




She's pretty proud of herself. Aren't you proud of her, too?

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